PermaNet® Curtains - Evidence of Impact
| Study Title | Author/Year | Objective | Interventions | Main Results | Conclusions |
| Effective control of dengue vectors with curtains and water container covers treated with insecticide in Mexico and Venezuela: cluster randomised trial [BMJ publication] | Kroeger et al. 2006 | To measure the impact of window curtains and water container covers treated with insecticide on the dengue vector (Aedes aegypti) and disease transmission. | Sectorswere paired according to entomological indices, and one sector in each pair was randomly allocated to receive treatment. In Trujillo, the intervention comprised curtains treated with long-lasting deltamethrin (PermaNet®) plus water jar covers of the same material. | The mean Breteau index dropped from 38% to 11% (intervention) and from 34% to 17% (control) in Trujillo. The intervention reduced mosquito populations in neighbouring control clusters (spill-over effect) and houses closer to treated houses were less likely to have infestations than those further away. | Window curtains and domestic water container covers treated with insecticide can reduce densities of dengue vectors to low levels and potentially affect dengue transmission. |
| Pyrethroid-impregnated curtains for Chagas' disease control in Venezuela [Elsevier publication] | Herber and Kroeger. 2003 | To investigate the protective effect of pyrethroid-impregnated curtains against sylvatic Chagas' disease vectors, which enter the houses at night. | After a baseline study (including a short questionnaire survey, assessment of housing conditions, vector behaviour and preference in vector protection), 37 households were chosen at random for protection by impregnated or non-impregnated curtains. During the 30-day entomological study, vector collections of triatomine bugs were conducted. | More than half the population(52%) preferred curtains to bednets for Chagas' disease. Users of pyrethroid-impregnated curtains were well protected as no living triatomines were found in bedrooms of houses with impregnated curtains compared to houses with non-impregnated curtains where an average of 4/7 vectors were found alive in bedrooms. In houses with impregnated curtains 21/30 triatomines died within 72 h; the triatomines which survived were found exclusively in rooms where no impregnated curtains had been placed. | Pyrethroid-impregnated curtains represent an important option for the reduction or even elimination of man-vector contact and thus of Chagas' disease transmission in areas where species of small triatomine bugs such as Phodnius prolixus and R. robustus are the main vectors. |
| Insecticide impregnated curtains to control domestic transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Venezuela: cluster randomised trial [BMJ publication] | Kroeger et al. 2002 | To measure the impact of curtains treated with insecticide on the transmission of leishmaniasis. | 14 urban sectors with 569 houses in Trujillo, Venezuela were paired according to their 12 month cumulative incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis; one sector in each pair was randomly allocated to receive polyester curtains impregnated with lambdacyhalothrin (intervention group) while the other sector received curtains without insecticide or no curtains (control groups). After 12 months of follow up, household survey was conducted. | Transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis occurred mainly in the domestic setting, with the incidence over 12 months of 4%. The mean number of sandflies per trap per night was 16. Follow up after 12 months showed that the incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis was 0% in the intervention group and 8% in the six pairs in the control group that received unimpregnated curtains. There were significantly fewer sandflies in the intervention group. | Curtains impregnated with insecticide provide a high degree of protection against indoor transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis. |
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- What dose of Deltamethrin is used in PermaNet® 2.0?
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